专利摘要:
The invention relates to a composite gas conditioning container comprising a cylindrical hollow body (1) defining an internal volume (2) for receiving gas, a filament winding (3) wound around said cylindrical hollow body (1), and a plurality of envelopes (7, 8) superimposed on each other. In addition, it comprises a first envelope (7) arranged directly around and in contact with the filament winding (3), and a second envelope (8) arranged directly around and in contact with said first envelope (7), and the at least one of said shells (7, 8) is designed to react by a visual change during a mechanical impact that is potentially critical or damaging to the integrity of the container, or exposure to a flame or a temperature greater than 70 ° C for a period of at least 30 seconds.
公开号:FR3025584A1
申请号:FR1458445
申请日:2014-09-09
公开日:2016-03-11
发明作者:Emmanuel Baune;Chiara Tarantello
申请人:Air Liquide SA;LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude;
IPC主号:
专利说明:

[0001] The invention relates to a composite gas conditioning container, in particular a medical gas cylinder. Such a bottle is preferably used to condition an oxygen type gas but can also be used in the industrial field, food or otherwise. Gases and gas mixtures, especially industrial and medical gases, are conventionally packaged in gas containers, such as gas cylinders, under pressure, that is to say at a pressure of up to several hundred absolute bar. A container of the gas bottle type is typically formed of a hollow cylindrical body closed, at its base, by a bottom and comprising, at the top, an ogive carrying a neck provided with an outlet orifice through which the gas can be introduced or, conversely, extracted from the body of the bottle. The hollow cylindrical body may be formed entirely of a metallic material, such as steel or an aluminum alloy, or may be composite, that is to say formed of a hollow part forming the cylindrical body, commonly called "liner", which is covered with a coil of filaments fixed by an epoxy resin for example.
[0002] Usually, the surface of a composite container is either polished to give it a durable and durable aesthetic appearance, or coated with a paint designed to be aesthetically pleasing and durable. Sometimes, there is arranged around the body of the container one (or more) overpack intended to remain at least partly on the container during the phases of use of said container by a user and / or during the phases of packaging, transport, storage ... This or these overpacks forming one or more protective layers, may carry various markings. In this respect, mention may be made of the documents WO-A-98/16776, WO-A-2012/035289 and CNU-201651751 describing gas cylinders externally coated with a sleeve (s) or protective layer (s), for example a plastic film. In the case of a composite container whose outer surface is simply covered with a polished epoxy resin or coated with a paint, there is the problem of tracing and a visual detection of damage and shocks that can suffer the container, which can affect its mechanical integrity over time.
[0003] 3025584 2 In fact, these damages and shocks are not easily detectable, all the less so when communication, operational and regulatory constraints must be fulfilled because these can mask any shocks or other deteriorations.
[0004] Thus, in the case of a container with a gel-coated, gel coat-type epoxy finish, the tracing or detection of the damage is based on the resistance of the gel coat. and on the frosting of the glass fibers underlying the "gel coat". In this case, a very localized low energy shock can strongly lower certain mechanical characteristics of the container without the resin and / or the glass fibers letting it appear on the surface of the container. Moreover, in the case of a container with a "gel coat" type of paint, again, under certain conditions of low energy impact and very localized, the paint may be too strong, so do not present peeling and / or impact cracking, while the mechanical characteristics of the container are affected.
[0005] Thus, Figures 2 and 3 herewith show the damage generated inside a composite container (volume 2 liters) to metal liner subjected to an energy of 170J via an impactor 100 mm in diameter. As can be seen (Fig. 2), the inner wall of the liner is very damaged and deformed due to the shock of the impactor, while externally (Fig. 3), these deteriorations are not easily detectable because the impact does not occur. is not or only very little visible.
[0006] Similarly, a plastic deformation of the liner may occur, permanent or not, according to the cycles of re-pressurization / emptying of the container, thus lowering certain mechanical characteristics of the container, and may jeopardize its safety over time. In fact, these deformations or liner detachments are visible externally to the container only by the use of non-destructive control techniques, often expensive and slow, and therefore impossible to implement industrially according to the current state of these techniques. In one case as in the other, it is then that an effective detection of the shock is not possible by the operator and therefore it is not easy to distinguish such a container of deteriorated mechanical characteristics. of the same healthy container, that is to say having not suffered shock or the like. The problem is therefore to be able to distinguish a container affected by shock, deterioration or the like of a healthy container so as to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks and problems.
[0007] The solution of the invention is a composite gas conditioning container, in particular a pressurized gas cylinder, comprising: a cylindrical hollow body, also called a "liner", defining an internal volume for receiving gas, 5 - a filament winding wound around said cylindrical hollow body, and - several envelopes superimposed on each other, characterized in that it comprises: - a first envelope arranged directly around and in contact with the filament winding, and a second envelope arranged directly around and in contact with said first envelope, and - at least one of said envelopes is designed to react by a visual change during a mechanical impact potentially critical or damaging to the integrity of the container, or exposure to a flame or at a temperature above 70 ° C for a period of at least 30 seconds.
[0008] Depending on the case, the invention may comprise one or more of the following technical characteristics: the cylindrical hollow body is made of polymeric or metallic material, for example steel or aluminum alloy. the cylindrical hollow body is a cylinder 5 to 100 cm in external diameter, preferably 8 to 50 cm and having a wall thickness of between 0.1 mm and 20 mm, preferably of 0.4 to 10 mm. the filament winding comprises carbon, glass, Kevlar or aramid fibers, or combinations thereof, preferably the fibers are impregnated with resin. at least the second envelope is removable. The first envelope and the second envelope are removable. the total thickness of the superposed envelopes is between 0.05 and 5 mm, preferably less than 3 mm, more preferably less than 2 mm. - the second envelope is transparent. the second envelope is thicker than the first, conferring on it a better resistance to wear, preferably without the possibility of tearing or breaking into several easy pieces, while allowing tracing to mechanical impacts or to temperature stresses relevant and recognizable. a third envelope is arranged around said second envelope. The envelopes are formed of a polymer material chosen from polyester (PET), polyolefin (PAO), polyurethane (PUR) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), preferably PVC. the thickness E1 of the first envelope is smaller than the thickness E2 of the second envelope, that is El <E2. the thickness E 1 of the first envelope is less than 500 μm, in general less than 300 μm, typically less than 200 μm, for example of the order of 50 to 175 μm, the thickness E 2 of the second envelope, envelope is less than 5 mm, preferably between 0.5 mm and 4.5 mm. - The thickness E3 of the third envelope is less than the thickness E2 of the second envelope, that is to say E3 <E2. the thickness E3 of the third envelope is less than 500 μm, in general less than 300 μm, typically less than 200 μm, for example of the order of 50 to 175 μm, the first envelope and / or the second envelope form sleeves covering more than 60% of the outer surface of the cylindrical hollow body covered with the filament winding, preferably from 80% to 100% of said outer surface and preferably the entire cylindrical hollow body. The envelopes are sheets (or films), preferably rectangular or square, or cylindrical sleeve (or sheath). - He understands : . a first envelope bearing one or more markings,. a second transparent envelope, designed to react by a visual change in a mechanical impact or exposure to a flame or temperature above 70 ° C, and a third transparent envelope, the second envelope being arranged between the first envelope and the third envelope. the first envelope, the second envelope and the third envelope are made of PVC. - he is a bottle of gas. - It comprises the body of the container comprises, at one end, a bottom and at the other end, a neck provided with an orifice communicating with the internal volume of the container. - It includes a valve block or integrated pressure regulator valve attached to the neck.
[0009] The invention further relates to a use of a container according to the invention, in particular a gas cylinder, for storing a gas or gas mixture at a pressure up to 700 bar abs, typically between 150 and 320. bar abs. Typically, the gas or gas mixture stored in the container comprises one or more gaseous compounds selected from air, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, argon or mixtures thereof, the helium, xenon, krypton, NO, N20, CO, CO2, respirable mixtures, such as those used for underwater diving (Heliox, Nitrox) and their mixtures. The invention will now be better understood thanks to the following detailed description, given by way of illustration but without limitation, with reference to the appended figures in which: FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of FIG. a gas container according to the invention, - Figure 2 illustrates a deterioration of the inner liner of a conventional gas cylinder 15 according to the prior art, following a violent impact on its outer peripheral wall, - Figure 3 shows the impact not very visible on the body of the bottle of Figure 2, and - Figures 4 and 5 show the result of the same impact on a non-coated container according to the prior art and on a coated container according to the invention, respectively. Figure 1 schematizes an embodiment of a container according to the invention, namely a composite type gas cylinder which comprises a cylindrical hollow body 1 with a bottom 6 at its base, and a shaped upper part. warhead 4 carrying a neck with an orifice 5 communicating with the inner volume 2 of the container where the gas is stored. Bottles with a flat bottom are called type 2, while those with a convex bottom, as in Figure 1, are called type 3 or 4.
[0010] The cylindrical hollow body 1 is in fact formed of a cylinder or liner of polymeric or metallic material (steel, aluminum alloy, etc.) around which is wound a filament winding 3 of carbon fibers, glass fibers, kevlar fibers or aramid, or their combinations. The fibers are impregnated with resin, preferably epoxy resin. This filament winding 3 forms a layer formed of fiber and resin on the surface of the liner 30. In other words, the container is of composite construction with metal or polymer liner and finished in the form of an epoxy resin layer. and fibers, for example visible underlying glass fibers, without paint finishing on the barrel portion of the container, i.e., its cylindrical portion 1.
[0011] On the other hand, a coating of paint or the like may be affixed to the ogival-shaped upper part 4 of the container. Several removable envelopes 7, 8 are arranged directly around the cylindrical body while being superimposed on each other. More specifically, a first envelope 7 is arranged around and in contact with the filament winding 3 wound around the liner 1, and a second envelope 8 is arranged directly around and in contact with said first envelope 7. One (or more) envelope additional 9 superimposed on the second envelope 8 may be provided. These envelopes 7, 8, 9 form overpacks of the gas container, which provide protective functions against dirt and abrasions and other various mechanical stresses, communication and / or commercial and / or regulatory coloring or texturing, of tracing external aggressions (shocks ...), assistance with the laying / removal. More specifically, according to the invention, in order to be able to distinguish a container "affected" by a shock, a deterioration or the like, from a "healthy" container, at least one of said envelopes 7, 8 is designed to react by a visual change in a mechanical impact, ie impact, or exposure to a flame or temperature greater than 70 ° C for a period of at least 30 seconds. On the contrary, as already explained above and visible in Figures 2 and 3, a significant deterioration of the inner liner (Figure 2) of a conventional bottle shocked on the outer wall of its barrel (Figure 3). It is not easily detectable, especially when the barrel of the bottle is coated with surface paint. The envelopes of a container according to the invention are designed and dimensioned to cover at least the cylindrical barrel portion 1 of the container. Optionally, other parts, for example the ogive 4 or the bottom 6, may also be equipped with one (or more) overpack according to the invention. In all cases, at least two superimposed removable envelopes 7, 8 are provided constituting cylindrical sleeves or rectangular-shaped films wound around the cylindrical body 1 of the gas container. The first envelope 7 is therefore placed directly in contact with the layer 30 formed by the winding of fibers and epoxy resin, while the second envelope 8 is arranged on the first envelope 7. If a third envelope 9 is used, it is superimposed on the second envelope 8. The first envelope 7 preferably has a thickness E1 of between 50 and 200 μm, whereas the second envelope 8 preferably has a thickness E2, such that E2> E1, 3025584 7 for example E2 is between 0.4 and 1.3 mm. The third envelope 9 which is optional, preferably has a thickness E3 less than or equal to 300 μm, typically between 50 and 200 μm. In all cases, the total thickness (E1 + E2 + E3) of all the envelopes 7, 8, 9 superimposed is between 0.05 and 5 mm, preferably less than 3 mm, more preferably between 0.05 and 1.5. mm approx. The envelopes 7, 8, 9 are fixed either by stretching them mechanically, by gluing, by thermal shrinkage, or by welding. Some envelopes may combine several effects for their placement around the barrel, for example a stretching effect and a thermal shrinkage effect, or a mechanical effect with a sticking action. The constituent material (s) of the various envelopes. , 8, 9 may be selected from polyester (PET), polyolefin (PAO), polyurethane (PUR), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), preferably at least one casing is PVC. Preferably, the second envelope 8 is transparent, preferably the outermost envelope to the container barrel, and advantageously completely covers the outer surface of the container. Moreover, at least one of the envelopes 7, 8, 9 is printed by an inkjet, laser or other technique, preferably the first envelope 7. For example, at least one envelope is predominantly white in color or clear, preferably the first shell 7, over at least 60% of its area. This envelope can also be printed to communicate information of commercial order (name of mark, logo ...) or regulation (instructions of use ...). Preferably, the transparent outer shell 8 is replaced before each filling of the container with gas.
[0012] The installation and removal of the envelopes 7, 8, 9 on the container can be carried out manually and / or with (semi-) automatic equipment. In addition, stickers, such as adhesive films of reduced size (<5% of the developed outer surface of the drum) can be affixed between two envelopes, in particular for regulatory or commercial reasons.
[0013] Optionally, one or more accessories, such as a fitted or glued bottle foot, and / or a skirt arranged on the nose 4, may also be installed on the container. Example of embodiment A composite gas bottle according to the invention intended to contain medical grade oxygen was produced in the following manner.
[0014] 3025584 8 was fixed on a liner 1 or cylindrical hollow tube, metal or polymer, wound filament winding consisting of glass fibers, aramid, Kevlar and / or carbon embedded in an epoxy type resin, 10 cm in diameter external, several envelopes 7, 8, 9, namely here three successive envelopes superimposed on each other.
[0015] These comprise from the surface of the barrel to the outside: a first casing or thin sheath forming a cylindrical PVC sleeve having a first thickness El of the order of 100 μm, the surface of which is white in color and is printed with various markings, such as brand name, logo, inscriptions of use ... This first envelope 7 is put in place by stretching or by heat-shrinking around the filament winding 3 (ie glass fibers and epoxy resin) wound around the liner 1. - a second envelope 8 or transparent thick sheath also forming a cylindrical sleeve PVC, having a second thickness E2 of the order of 1 mm. This second envelope 8 is put in place by heat shrink. It makes it possible to detect the impacts or severe shocks affecting the body of the container since they leave there a trace or residual mark immediately detectable visually and irreversibly naturally. a label (optional), transparent or not, and adhesive of approximately 2 cm x 5 cm dimension is placed manually on second envelope 8. - a third envelope 9 or thin sheath of cylindrical shape and formed of PVC of the order of 100 μm, also transparent, which can be removed before each filling of the container with gas. Its installation is done by stretching or by thermo-retraction. In order to test such a bottle when it is subjected to an impact, comparative tests were carried out between a gas cylinder according to the invention and a conventional gas cylinder.
[0016] In both cases, a 50 mm impact impactor with a diameter of 13 mm was applied to the body or to the bottles. The resulting damage is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. As can be seen, the impact that has taken place is not easily detectable on the body of the bottle of the prior art (FIG. 4), whereas it is clearly visible on that of the bottle according to the invention (Figure 5) due to the damage of the combination of envelopes covering the fut of the bottle according to the invention. However, such a shock has resulted in a lowering of the cycling performance of the two bottles by approximately 70% attributable to an internal detachment (depression of about 2.7 mm) of the underlying metal liner (same phenomenon as in FIG. ), which is practically non-detectable on the uncoated container (Fig. 4) according to the prior art, but easily identifiable by the circular mark left (diameter about 6 mm) on the coated container according to the invention (Fig. 5). ). Being able to detect such internal degradation of the liner via a simple visual inspection of the body of the bottle allows the same to be discarded and to increase safety for the user. In general, in the context of the invention, we consider that an impact trace, circular or longitudinal, of size (ie diameter or width) at least equal to 4 mm is a reason for isolation of the container followed by its removal or at least a thorough internal examination after disassembling the valve fitted to this container and / or external by appropriate non-destructive testing. Similarly, a gas cylinder according to the invention, subjected to excessive heat exposure (fire, contact with a flame or the like), will present an outer envelope with brownish traces of discoloration, local, and / or melted and / or deformed areas, even burns. This will also isolate the container. Such detection is not possible or easy with conventional bottles.
权利要求:
Claims (15)
[0001]
REVENDICATIONS1. Composite gas conditioning container comprising: - a cylindrical hollow body (1) defining an internal volume (2) for receiving gas, - a filament winding (3) wound around said cylindrical hollow body (1), and - a plurality of envelopes (7, 8) superimposed on each other, characterized in that it comprises: - a first envelope (7) arranged directly around and in contact with the filament winding (3), and a second envelope (8) arranged directly around and in contact with said first envelope (7), and - at least one of said envelopes (7, 8) is designed to react by a visual change during a mechanical impact potentially critical or damaging to the integrity of the container, or exposure to a flame or temperature exceeding 70 ° C for a period of at least 30 seconds.
[0002]
2. Container according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the cylindrical hollow body (1) is of polymeric material or metal. 20
[0003]
Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filament winding (3) comprises carbon, glass, Kevlar or aramid fibers, or combinations thereof, preferably the fibers are impregnated with resin. .
[0004]
4. Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the second casing (8) is removable, preferably the first casing (7) and the second casing (8) are removable.
[0005]
5. Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the total thickness of the envelopes (7, 8) superimposed is between 0.05 and 5 mm. 30
[0006]
6. Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second casing (8) is transparent. 11 3025584
[0007]
7. Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a third casing (9) is arranged around said second casing (8).
[0008]
Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the envelopes (7, 8,
[0009]
9) are formed of a polymeric material selected from polyester (PET), polyolefin (PAO), polyurethane (PUR), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). 9. Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thickness (El) of the first casing (7) is less than the thickness (E2) of the second casing L8).
[0010]
10. Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thickness (El) of the first casing (7) is less than 0.5 mm. 15
[0011]
Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first casing (7) and / or the second casing (8) form sleeves covering more than 60% of the outer surface of the cylindrical hollow body (1) covered. filament winding (3), preferably from 80% to 100% of said outer surface. 20
[0012]
12. Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises: - a first envelope (7) carrying one or more markings, - a second envelope (8) transparent, designed to react by a visual change during mechanical impact or exposure to a flame or temperature greater than 70 ° C, and a third transparent envelope (9), the second envelope (8) being arranged between the first envelope (7) and the third envelope (9). 30
[0013]
13. Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first casing (7), the second casing (8) and the third casing (9) are PVC.
[0014]
14. Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is a gas cylinder. 3025584 12
[0015]
15. Use of a container according to one of the preceding claims for storing a gas or gas mixture at a pressure up to 700 bar.
类似技术:
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同族专利:
公开号 | 公开日
FR3025584B1|2017-03-10|
WO2016038257A1|2016-03-17|
引用文献:
公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
EP0300931A1|1987-07-21|1989-01-25|Claude Léon Hembert|Fluid reservoir and its fabrication process|
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FR3053431A1|2016-06-29|2018-01-05|L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude|COMPOSITE TANK AND ITS INSPECTION METHOD|
EP3667152A4|2017-09-21|2021-05-05|Dong Hee Industrial Co., Ltd.|High-pressure vessel and manufacturing method thereof|CN201651751U|2010-04-30|2010-11-24|高佩|Gas cylinder protection sleeve|
GB201015288D0|2010-09-14|2010-10-27|Linde Ag|Gas cylinder|FR3037633B1|2015-06-18|2017-12-01|L'air Liquide Sa Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude|COMPOSITE TANK AND METHOD OF MONITORING AND REPAIRING|
EP3786512A1|2019-08-30|2021-03-03|Nproxx B.V.|Method for producing a pressurised container and pressurised container|
法律状态:
2015-09-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
2016-03-11| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20160311 |
2016-09-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
2017-09-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
2018-09-24| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
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2020-09-14| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
2021-09-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
优先权:
申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
FR1458445A|FR3025584B1|2014-09-09|2014-09-09|GAS PACKAGING COMPOSITE CONTAINER COMPRISING MULTIPLE ENCLOSED ENVELOPES|FR1458445A| FR3025584B1|2014-09-09|2014-09-09|GAS PACKAGING COMPOSITE CONTAINER COMPRISING MULTIPLE ENCLOSED ENVELOPES|
PCT/FR2015/052060| WO2016038257A1|2014-09-09|2015-07-24|Composite gas conditioning vessel comprising a plurality of superimposed envelopes|
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